Aquinas on Intentionality in Perception

Ehret, Charles

doi:10.5840/acpq2025324301

American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly

Volume 98, Issue 4, Fall 2024

Kinds of Intentionality and Kinds of Approaches to Intentionality

Charles Ehret

Pages 467-491

https://doi.org/10.5840/acpq2025324301

Aquinas on Intentionality in Perception

For Aquinas, a concept is about something only if it relates to the common nature of a particular being attended to through perception. Intentionality is fundamentally perceptual for Aquinas. Having argued this claim, I then give a novel account of perceptual intentionality in Aquinas, according to which the forms received by perceivers (“sensible species”) are the same particular forms as those in the perceived object. This is possible because accidental forms have two individuators: matter makes them particular and quantity makes them distinct. Aquinas’s claim that sensible species are “without matter” implies that, although they are distinct from the perceived qualities, they remain the same particular forms. This allows us to say that one has a distinct view of this particular object, which accounts for the intentionality of perception, and thus for the intentionality of concepts, as applied to what is perceived.

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